Second-Generation Voltage Conveyor–Based Mixed-Mode Single-Input Multi-output First-Order Universal Filter

In this study, a new mixed-mode (MM) first-order universal active filter (FOUAF) is proposed. The proposed MM FOUAF is a single-input multi-output type. The proposed MM FOUAF is designed using two second-generation voltage conveyors (VCIIs). Furthermore, the proposed circuit utilizes a total of six passive components: five resistors and a single capacitor. Three of the resistors are grounded, while the other two are floating. A capacitor used in the proposed MM FOUAF is also virtually grounded. It provides low-pass, high-pass (HP), and all-pass responses in all modes: voltage-mode (VM), current-mode (CM), transimpedance-mode (TIM), and transadmittance-mode (TAM). The proposed MM FOUAF has a gain in all filter responses for VM, TIM, and TAM, and in the HP response for CM. In addition, the gain is independently adjustable from the pole frequency. Theoretical investigations of the proposed MM FOUAF are also conducted to assess ideal, non-ideal, and parasitic impedance effects of the VCII. Performance analyses of the proposed MM FOUAF, including AC, Monte Carlo, temperature, transient, and noise analyses, are performed using the SPICE program, and these analyses utilize the parameters of a 0.13 μm CMOS technology. Also, the experimental tests are achieved for the VM realization of the proposed MM FOUAF. The proposed MM FOUAF consumes 1.22 mW, and the simulation and experiment results are approximately close to the ideal results.